kscarbel2

https://www.gm.com/our-stories/commitment/face-masks-covid-production.html .

GM to supply 30,000 ventilators as part of $490M government contract Detroit Free Press / April 8, 2020 General Motors has signed a $489.4 million federal contract to build 30,000 ventilators, the Department of Health and Human Services confirmed early Wednesday. The deal was awarded under the Defense Production Act. The contract calls for GM to deliver 30,000 ventilators to the country's Strategic National Stockpile by the end of August. Under the initial production schedule, GM will deliver 6,132 ventilators by June 1. GM is partnering with Ventec Life Systems. Volume production is expected to begin the week of April 13.

MarketWatch / April 8, 2020 The worst-case economic scenario imagined by the Federal Reserve is no recovery until next year, according to minutes of the central bank's March 15 policy meeting released Wednesday. The Fed foresees two plausible scenarios for the U.S. economy grappling with the coronavirus. In one scenario, the U.S. economy would start to recover in the second half of the year. The more adverse scenario was that the economy entered a recession with no significant rebound until next year. Facing this uncertainty, Fed officials responded by slashing interest rates to zero and launching open-ended purchases of Treasury and asset-backed securities. Supporters of the full percentage point cut on March 15 called it "forceful." A few officials wanted to cut rates only by half-point. There was concern expressed that the central bank would be out of ammunition with its benchmark rate essentially at zero. But some officials said the Fed had other tools to ease monetary policy.

A sprayed liquid. https://tmc.trucking.org/sites/default/files/CLO2RemediesTechBulletin-Sep2019-Full.pdf

Bob, note the reusable parts storage containers. No cardboard boxes that have to be recycled, a waste of time and effort. It's all about environmental sustainability. It's actually quite easy to be a responsible corporate citizen.

Scania Group Press Release / April 8, 2020 The dedicated employees at Scania's master parts distribution center (PDC) in Opglabbeek, Belgium ensure that warehouses and dealers have the right parts in stock. Jelle Bokken is at work every day, making sure the business is running: “When I started here, I was brought into this big Scania family. Together with my colleagues, we do our utmost to enable trucks to stay on the roads with necessary supplies for hospitals and stores.” The last few weeks have been anything but ordinary. The challenging times have caused more co-workers than usual to be at home, but the help for Bokken was nearby. “Some of our white collars have stepped up and support us wherever they can in the warehouse. You can really feel the team spirit!” The warehouse has also implemented a lot of preventive measures. “We need to keep on working, but it’s vital that we stay healthy. For me, it’s more important than ever to put in every effort and continue to contribute with what I do best. To make parts available to those that need them.” .

Heavy Duty Trucking (HDT) / April 8, 2020 A antimicrobial pesticide under consideration as a treatment for bed bugs is now considered an effective disinfectant treatment for trucks whose drivers have been confirmed as COVID-19 carriers, according to the American Trucking Associations’ Technology & Maintenance Council (TMC). TMC was already in the process of updating Recommended Practice 443 from the S.4 Cab & Controls study group when the novel coronavirus made the front page. The RP dates back to 2104 and was being updated to include new recommended practices for treating bed bug infestations with Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2). TMC accelerated the update in order to provide fleets some guidance on how to manage cab disinfecting and sanitizing for coronavirus. "Initially we were looking at chlorine dioxide as way to kill bed bugs, but we found that it would work just as well for viruses," said Kirk Altrichter, executive vice president of Fleet Services at Kenan Advantage Group. "We want to finish the update as quickly as we could to get it out there for everyone." According to CLO2 Remedies of Las Vegas, one supplier of the product, "Chlorine dioxide is a chemical compound made up of one atom of chlorine and two atoms of oxygen. It [shouldn't be confused] with typical household chlorine bleach or HTH. Chlorine dioxide is actually an oxidizing agent, not a chlorinating agent. Unlike alternative chemicals, ClO2 reacts with organic matter through selective oxidation rather than substitution and does not produce carcinogenic chlorinated byproducts." A PDF published by the company claims the product is an effective antimicrobial pesticide that can be used to destroy or suppress the growth of harmful microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, or fungi on inanimate objects and surfaces. CL02 is not something you'd use for casual cleaning, or even to sanitize a truck before a driver starts a shift. However, it could be used when disinfecting a truck after a driver has been confirmed as a COVID-19 carrier. “When it comes to cleaning a truck after a driver has been confirmed with COVID-19, we bring somebody from the outside to do a biohazard cleanup,” Altrichter says. “That cleanup is something you can do yourself, but it requires specific protective equipment, and frankly, our shop and our technicians aren't equipped to handle it properly.” Altrichter says CLO2 would be an alternative to letting the truck sit for some period of time, perhaps four or five days, after the last contact with the infected driver. “It depends on how badly you need the truck back in service and what you believe is a safe period of time for the virus to die off on its own.” Estimates from various sources suggest the virus can remain viable on porous surfaces like paper or cardboard for up to 24 hours, and for 48 to 72 hours on less permeable surfaces such as plastic, glass, or steel. Traces of live virus have been discovered on some surfaces after as many as nine days in some instances. “I’d really like an answer to the question of how long the virus can survive without a host; is it three days, five days, nine days?” he asks. “It makes a difference in how we approach this problem.”

Autocar is dedicated to keeping your trucks AND your people “Always Up.” We are proud to announce we are working urgently on a solution to help protect your people from COVID-19 while in the truck! Always Up - Autocar Trucks .

A cluster……at a moment when we least need one Reuters / April 8, 2020 The U.S. government’s massive effort to nurse the economy through the coronavirus crisis was billed as a send-money-and-don’t-sweat-the-details flood of cash to people and businesses in a $22 trillion system that has ground to a halt. So far, the checks are not in the mail. From technological glitches to confusion over the fine points of policy, the delays are mounting. The federal government’s muddled response risks deepening and lengthening a recession already historic for the speed of its onset. States are struggling to process a historic mountain of unemployment claims on outdated technology. Large corporations, including companies slammed by the “social distancing” edicts keeping people at home, remain in the dark on the details of promised loans. Small businesses by the millions are desperately seeking cash, while banks still lack the right paperwork days into a lending program. The Federal Reserve, quick to throw a backstop (Read more here ) under large portions of the financial system and major corporations through open-ended bond purchases, has yet to complete a promised " Main Street" program of an all-encompassing safety net of credit. Making matters worse, the original $2.3 trillion in aid that was passed by Congress late last month isn’t nearly enough, businesses warn. Speed was considered of the essence when the so-called CARES Act became law on March 27, committing the $2.3 trillion to make up for the wages and incomes lost after Americans were ordered to stay home to control the spread of the novel coronavirus. It was a rare moment of bipartisanship in Washington, with both liberal and conservative economists mostly agreeing this was not the time to argue philosophical points about moral hazard, misplaced incentives, or the dangers of public debt, but to get money to people before they were bankrupt or hungry. As infections of COVID-19, the respiratory illness spread by the coronavirus, rose in the United States, so did concerns that without a broad government backstop, businesses would fail and households default on loans at such a scale that it would collapse the financial system as well. Instead of a quick “V-shaped” recession, with a deep drop but a fast and sharp rebound, delay could generate more chronic, systemic problems. But theory and practice have diverged. States have struggled just with the sheer volume of unemployment claims, which rocketed from about a couple hundred thousand a week in what was an era of historically low unemployment to millions (Read more here ) at a time. More than half the states, including California, New York and Pennsylvania, still rely on decades-old mainframe systems based on the COBOL language first introduced in 1959. Major corporations, including airlines, due for direct loans under the $2.3 trillion emergency legislation are still waiting for detailed guidance from the U.S. Treasury Department on how and when it will show up. Perhaps most unnerving to America’s millions of mom-and-pop restaurants, smaller manufacturers, and other small businesses considered the spine of the U.S. economy, the promise of quick checks and forgivable loans has fallen flat. When the $350 billion “Payroll Protection Program” was launched last week, Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin said small entrepreneurs as of last Friday could “walk into a bank ... and get money.” Instead, there has been a maze (Read more here) of red tape. Lenders have complained about conflicting or incomplete information from Treasury and the Small Business Administration (SBA). Businesses say banks have not been responsive or limited access to existing customers. The rollout has been so patchy that the Fed had to step in on Monday with a blanket offer to banks to take the small business loans into a new program of its own. Even band-aid emergency cash hasn’t shown up. Borrowers applying under the SBA’s disaster loan program last Monday could check a box to receive $10,000 as an advance on the loan in three days. More than a week later, several borrowers told Reuters they hadn’t received the money. The SBA refuses to comment. Mnuchin on Tuesday asked Congress for an additional $250 billion for the program because the demand by businesses has been so great. The U.S. central bank’s ultimate rescue effort is still in the works - a potential $4.5 trillion program that could open its vault to mid-size and smaller companies, municipal governments, and perhaps even less creditworthy corporations pushed to the brink because of the current health crisis. Like Mnuchin, Fed officials have promised details “soon.” Until that happens, key parts of the “real” economy are in a sort of suspended animation waiting to know what sort of lifeline is coming, how quickly and on what terms. Cities, states, counties and other government entities are unable to borrow in the $4 trillion municipal bond market except at extremely high short-term rates as their sales and income tax revenues plunge. “You can’t raise new money for your water system or your middle school or any of that because there’s no buyers for it, so you’ve got a lot of deals that are essentially shelved,” said Emily Brock, policy director for the Government Finance Officers Association. She said if the Fed buys up secondary-market securities, there will be room for new issuance. “We’re asking the Federal Reserve to be that savvy investor, to make other investors feel comfortable to help to drive down the yields that we’re seeing,” Brock said.

MarketWatch / April 8, 2020 Ben Bernanke, the former chairman of the Federal Reserve, is a scholar of the Great Depression, a background he put to use during the global financial crisis when he invented many of the emergency lending programs the central bank is now reusing. “People have made comparisons to the Great Depression. It’s not a very good comparison. The Depression was 12 years long,” he said. “This is like a natural disaster, and the response is more like an emergency relief than it is a typical stimulus or anti-recessionary response.” He said he was “pretty pleased” with the fiscal and monetary responses. Bernanke’s prognosis for the economy was pretty grim, however, saying gross domestic product (GDP) on an annualized basis could fall by 30% or greater in the second quarter. Bernanke raised the prospect the economy could be partly opened up in the summer and closed back down again in the fall. “So overall, it could be a very bad year for the U.S. economy,” said Bernanke.

Acting US Navy secretary resigns BBC / April 8, 2020 The acting secretary of the US Navy has resigned amid uproar over his handling of a coronavirus outbreak on an aircraft carrier. Thomas Modly fired the USS Theodore Roosevelt's captain after he pleaded for help in a letter leaked to media. Mr Modly apologised on Monday after it emerged he had called Captain Brett Crozier's actions "naive" and "stupid". The secretary's exit comes a day after US President Donald Trump signalled he might get involved in the dispute. Defence secretary Mark Esper said Mr Modly had "resigned of his own accord". The Pentagon chief said the crew's health and safety were a priority for the department. Army Undersecretary James McPherson is expected to replace Mr Modly. Capt Crozier was fired last week, and footage of his crew sending him off the warship with applause went viral. Mr Modly flew 8,000 miles on Monday to the Pacific island of Guam, where the USS Theodore Roosevelt is docked, and berated the crew for having cheered the captain as he left the ship. Mr Modly told the crew what their former captain did "was very, very wrong" and amounted to "a betrayal of trust with me, with his chain of command", according to recordings leaked to US media. "If he didn't think that information was going to get out into the public... then he was a) too naive or too stupid to be the commanding officer of a ship like this," Mr Modly said. "The alternative is he did it on purpose." Amid rebukes from members of Congress, Mr Modly issued an apology the same day, saying: "I do not think Captain Brett Crozier is naive nor stupid. I think and always believed him to be the opposite." Capt Crozier sent a letter to defence officials on 30 March begging for assistance with a coronavirus outbreak on his vessel, which has more than 4,000 crew. "We are not at war. Sailors do not need to die," he wrote, requesting the quarantine of nearly the entire crew. The president said he "heard very good things" about Capt Crozier and did not want his career to be ruined "for having a bad day", but added that "the letter should not have been sent to many people unclassified". The US Navy is investigating Capt Crozier's actions.

F-600 models (versus later F-700 models)

Tesla engineering impresses ! Some very sharp engineers. .

Using the University of Washington's Institute for Health Metrics's model , you can click on the down arrow in the "United States of America" box at the top to see detailed projections for each state. On another note, Bill Gates has a strong understanding of the situation. .

The New York Times / April 5, 2020 Capt. Brett E. Crozier, the Navy captain who was removed from command of the coronavirus-stricken aircraft carrier U.S.S. Theodore Roosevelt, has tested positive for Covid-19. The commander began exhibiting symptoms before he was removed from the warship on Thursday. Secretary of Defense Mark T. Esper said Sunday there were 155 confirmed cases of Covid-19 among sailors aboard the aircraft carrier, and that more than half of the ship had been tested. On Sunday, former Vice President Joseph R. Biden Jr. expressed criticism of the Navy’s actions saying, “I think it’s close to criminal the way they’re dealing with this guy. I think he should have a commendation rather than be fired.”

The Guardian / April 5, 2020 The US surgeon general warned the country on Sunday that it will face a “Pearl Harbor moment” in the next week, with an unprecedented numbers of coronavirus deaths expected coast to coast. “The next week is going to be our Pearl Harbor moment. It’s going to be our 9/11 moment,” Jerome Adams said today. “It’s going to be the hardest moment for many Americans in their entire lives, and we really need to understand that if we want to flatten that curve and get through to the other side, everyone needs to do their part.” Adams’s thoughts were echoed by Dr Anthony Fauci, the country’s foremost infectious diseases expert. “Things are going to get bad and we need to be prepared for that,” Fauci said. “It’s going to be shocking to some and it certainly is really disturbing to see that … Just buckle down. We’ve got to get through this week that is coming up because it’s going to be a bad week.” On a positive note, New York state recorded 594 deaths on Saturday – down from 630 deaths the day before, the first day-on-day decrease since the pandemic began.

It’s easy to say, after an event, that someone “should have done” this or that. However, there do appear to be some valid points here. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- U.S. ‘wasted’ months before preparing for virus pandemic Associated Press / April 5, 2020 WASHINGTON — As the first alarms sounded in early January that an outbreak of a novel coronavirus in China might ignite a global pandemic, the Trump administration squandered nearly two months that could have been used to bolster the federal stockpile of critically needed medical supplies and equipment. A review of federal purchasing contracts by The Associated Press shows federal agencies waited until mid-March to begin placing bulk orders of N95 respirator masks, mechanical ventilators and other equipment needed by front-line health care workers. By that time, hospitals in several states were treating thousands of infected patients without adequate equipment and were pleading for shipments from the Strategic National Stockpile. That federal cache of supplies was created more than 20 years ago to help bridge gaps in the medical and pharmaceutical supply chains during a national emergency. Now, three months into the crisis, that stockpile is nearly drained just as the numbers of patients needing critical care is surging. Some state and local officials report receiving broken ventilators and decade-old dry-rotted masks. “We basically wasted two months,” says former health and human services (HHS) secretary Kathleen Sebelius. As early as mid-January, U.S. officials could see that hospitals in China’s Hubei province were overwhelmed with infected patients, with many left dependent on ventilator machines to breathe. Italy soon followed, with hospitals scrambling for doctors, beds and equipment. HHS refuses to respond to questions about why federal officials waited to order medical supplies until stocks were running critically low. President Trump has asserted that the federal government should take a back seat to states when it comes to dealing with the pandemic. Trump and his appointees have urged state and local governments, and hospitals, to buy their own masks and breathing machines, saying requests to the dwindling national stockpile should be a last resort. “The notion of the federal stockpile was it’s supposed to be our stockpile,” Jared Kushner, the president’s son-in-law and adviser, said at a White House briefing Thursday. “It’s not supposed to be state stockpiles that they then use.” (???????????) “States do not have the purchasing power of the federal government. They do not have the ability to run a deficit like the federal government. They do not have the logistical power of the federal government,” said Sebelius, who served as governor of Kansas before running the nation’s health care system. Because of the fractured federal response to COVID-19, state governors say they’re now bidding against federal agencies and each other for scarce supplies, driving up prices. “You now literally will have a company call you up and say, ‘Well, California just outbid you,’” Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo, D-N.Y., said Tuesday. “It’s like being on eBay with 50 other states, bidding on a ventilator.” For nearly a month, Trump rebuffed calls from Cuomo and others to use his authority under the Defense Production Act to order companies to increase production of ventilators and personal protective equipment. He suggested the private sector was acting sufficiently on its own. More than three months after China revealed the first COVID-19 cases, Trump finally relented last week, saying he will order companies to ramp up production of critical supplies. By then, confirmed cases of COVID-19 within the United States had surged to the highest in the world. Now, the number of people infected in the U.S. has climbed to more than 312,000 and deaths have topped 8,500. Trump spent January and February playing down the threat from the new virus. He derided warnings of pandemic reaching the U.S. as a hoax perpetrated by Democrats and the media. As the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak a global public health emergency on Jan. 30, Trump assured the American people that the virus was “very well under control” and he predicted “a very good ending.” His administration was so confident that Secretary of State Mike Pompeo announced on Feb. 7 that the U.S. government had airlifted nearly 18 tons of donated respirator masks, surgical masks, gowns and other medical supplies to China. On Feb. 24, the White House sent Congress an initial $2.5 billion funding request to address the coronavirus outbreak. The next day, federal health experts at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) warned that the virus was spreading quickly in the U.S. and predicted that disruptions to daily life could be “severe,” including school and business closures. Unfazed, HHS Secretary Alex Azar told lawmakers on Feb. 27 that “the immediate risk to the American public remains low.” During those crucial early weeks when the U.S. could have been tracking the spread of the disease and containing it, hardly anyone was being tested after a series of federal blunders led to a shortage of tests and testing capacity, as AP reported last month. Without data showing how widespread the disease was, federal and state governments failed to prepare. By the middle of March, hospitals in New York, Seattle and New Orleans were reporting a surge in sick patients. Doctors and nurses took to social media to express their alarm at dwindling supplies of such basic equipment as masks and gowns. Trump accused some Democratic governors of exaggerating the need and derided those that criticized the federal response as complainers and snakes. “I want them to be appreciative,” Trump said on March 27. At the start of the crisis, an HHS spokeswoman said the Strategic National Stockpile had about 13 million N95 respirator masks, which filter out about 95% of all liquid or airborne particles and are critical to prevent health care workers from becoming infected. That’s just a small fraction of what hospitals need to protect their workers, who normally would wear a new mask for each patient, but who now are often issued only one to last for days. Trump during a White House briefing on March 26 claimed that he had inherited an “empty shelf” from the Obama administration, but added that “we’re really filling it up, and we fill it up rapidly.” Federal purchasing records, however, show the Trump administration delayed ordering additional supplies until the virus had taken root and was spreading. HHS first announced its intent to purchase 500 million N95 masks on March 4, with plans to distribute them over the next 18 months. The following day, Congress passed an $8.3 billion coronavirus spending bill, more than three times what the White House had originally asked for. Eight days later, on March 13, Trump declared the outbreak a national emergency. That was almost six weeks after the WHO’s action. By then, thousands of U.S. schools had closed, the National Basketball Association had put its season on temporary hiatus and there were 1,700 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the country. The government had already sent tens of thousands of masks, gloves and gowns from the stockpile to Washington state, which was hit early with a coronavirus outbreak. But state officials even then said the supplies weren’t enough. Federal contracting records show that HHS had made an initial order March 12 for $4.8 million of N95 masks from 3M, the largest U.S.-based manufacturer, which had ramped up production weeks earlier in response to the pandemic. HHS followed up with a larger $173 million order on March 21, but those contracts don’t require 3M to start making deliveries to the national stockpile until the end of April. That’s after the White House has projected the pandemic will reach its peak. HHS refused this past week to say how many N95 masks it has on hand. But as of March 31, the White House said more than 11.6 million had been distributed to state and local governments from the national stockpile — about 90% of what was available at the start of the year. Dr. Robert Kadlec, the assistant secretary for preparedness and response at HHS, testified before Congress last month that the country would need roughly 3.5 billion N-95 respirators to get through the pandemic, but the national supply chain then had just about 1% of that amount. The Strategic National Stockpile was created in 1999 to prevent supply-chain disruptions for the predicted Y2K computer problems. It expanded after 9/11 to prepare for chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear attacks. Congress provided money in 2006 to prepare for a potential influenza pandemic, but much of that stock was used during the H1N1 flu outbreak three years later. As AP reported last month, much of the world’s supply of N95 masks and other basic medical supplies is made in China, the first nation hit by COVID-19. As a result, the Chinese government required its producers to reserve N95 respirators for domestic use. China resumed exports of the precious masks only in recent days. Experts are now worried the U.S. will also soon exhaust its supply of ventilators, which can cost upward of $12,000 each. The White House said Tuesday that it had already distributed nearly half the breathing machines in the stockpile, which at the beginning of March had 16,660; some of them dated back to the flurry of post-9/11 purchasing. An additional 2,425 were out for maintenance. Cuomo said New York may need as many as 40,000 ventilators to deal with the outbreak that is already overwhelming hospitals there. Throughout March, governors and mayors of big cities urged Trump to use his authority under the Defense Production Act to direct private companies to ramp up production of ventilators. It wasn’t until last week that Trump finally said he would use that power to order General Motors to begin manufacturing ventilators — work the company had already announced was underway. But GM says its first ventilators won’t be available before the summer. The federal government had made an effort to prepare for a surge in the need for ventilators, but it was allowed to languish. Since 2014, HHS has paid a private company, Respironics Inc., $13.8 million to develop a cheaper, less complicated ventilator that could be bought in bulk to replenish the national stockpile. In September, HHS placed a $32.8 million order with the Dutch-owned company for 10,000 of the new model, set for delivery by 2022, federal contracts show. Respironics’ parent company, Royal Philips, said it’s planning to double U.S. production of ventilators to 2,000 a week by the end of May. Steve Klink, a spokesman for Royal Philips in Amsterdam, said the company is now focused on producing its other commercial models and will deliver the first ventilators to the national stockpile by August, long after the White House projects COVID-19 cases will peak. Trump, who pledged on March 27 that his administration would ensure that 100,000 additional ventilators would be made available “within 100 days,” said on Thursday that he’ll use the Defense Production Act to order Respironics and other ventilator makers to step up production. It’s not clear that Trump’s order would translate into the 100,000 new ventilators he promised. In a House Oversight and Reform Committee briefing last week, top Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) officials hedged, saying 100,000 ventilators would be available by late June “at the earliest.” Cuomo predicted on Friday that New York would run out within days. With coronavirus deaths in his state surging, the governor vowed to use his authority to seize ventilators, masks and protective gear from private hospitals that aren’t utilizing them. Meanwhile, federal health authorities are lowering standards. New guidance from the Food and Drug Administration allows hospitals to use emergency ventilators typically used in ambulances and anesthesia gas machines in place of standard ventilators. The agency also said nightstand CPAP machines used to treat sleep apnea and snoring could also be used to keep coronavirus patients breathing, as a last resort. The CDC advised health care workers last month to use homemade masks or bandanas if they run out of proper gear. Across the country, hospitals have issued urgent pleas for volunteers who know how to sew.

Trump calls on India to release Covid-19 drug hydroxychloroquine Financial Times / April 5, 2020 President Trump called on India to release orders of hydroxychloroquine, an antimalarial drug that has been identified as a potential treatment for coronavirus. India has tightened export restrictions on hydroxychloroquine to combat rising infections there. Trump in a phone call with Indian prime minister Narendra Modi on Saturday requested more of the drug because the country made it in “large amounts”. “I said I’d appreciate it if they would release the amounts that we ordered and they are giving it serious consideration,” said Trump. India has prioritised the supply of the drug for its own use as it counts a growing number of cases that threatens to overwhelm its underfunded healthcare system. The world’s second most populous country of 1.37 billion people has reported almost 3,600 coronavirus infections with 99 deaths as of Sunday — triple its caseload from last week. The Indian Council of Medical Research has recommended hydroxychloroquine, which is also used to treat lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, can be used as a preventive medication for Covid-19 high-risk individuals such as healthcare workers. On March 25, India limited exports with some exceptions, including for orders with full advance payment and on humanitarian grounds. But on Saturday the commerce and industry ministry issued a circular prohibiting all exports of “hydroxychloroquine and formulations made from hydroxychloroquine . . . without any exception”. In a separate notice on the same day, it also put restrictions on the export of diagnostic kits. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Related reading: US drugmaker doubled price on potential coronavirus treatment Financial Times / March 19, 2020 The only US drugmaker that makes hydroxychloroquine, a potential treatment for the coronavirus that was touted by President Donald Trump raised the price by almost 100 percent in January, as the virus caused havoc across China. Rising Pharmaceuticals, a New Jersey based company, increased the price of chloroquine — an antimalarial, which is one of the drugs that is being tested against Covid-19 — on January 23. The drug price rose 97.86 per cent to $7.66 per 250mg pill and $19.88 per 500mg pill. But Rising alleges the price rise was “coincidental” and it restored the old price once it realized that the drug might be in demand because of the outbreak. The reversal of the price lift has not yet shown through in the data. One executive claims the company had originally increased the price because it wanted to be able to invest in new manufacturing facilities to keep the drug on the market. “As soon as we saw the increase in demand and the potential that this was going to be utilized in the way some folks are projecting it to be, we rescinded that price increase to the same price it has been on the market for since 2015,” he said. Studies have shown encouraging results, including one in France released on Wednesday that hydroxychloroquine had accelerated recoveries and reduced how long patients were contagious. Michael Rea, chief executive of RxSavings Solutions, which provides software for employers to lower their drug bills, said: “Hiking drug prices at such a pivotal time in world history will not play well in the market for any companies partaking in that activity long term.” In December 2019, Rising Pharmaceuticals admitted price fixing in a case in Pennsylvania and agreed to pay $3m in fines and restitution. The executive speaking on behalf of the company said it is not promoting the drug as a treatment for coronavirus. But Rising received five times as many orders as usual in the last week and it is ramping up production in India to meet demand, purchasing “extraordinary amounts” of more active ingredients, bottles and labels.

The Junkers Ju 86 bomber (later replaced by the He 111) was fitted with Junkers Jumo 205 diesel engines. .

https://www.bigmacktrucks.com/topic/39184-ups-mh-6122927-all-wheel-drive-4x4/