I did quite a bit of looking for information on the air/fuel separation systems. I found an SAE paper written by a Parker engineer that showed when diesel is put under a vacuum (when being pulled up to the engine from the fuel tank) entrained air is separated out and makes larger bubbles that cause problems. If fuel is fed to the injector pump by gravity(like in a farm tractor) the air doesnt make the larger bubbles and goes through the injectors with no negative issues. I know on my Cat the plungers are filled through a port in the bottom of the cylinder and dont have many of these bubbles to interfere with the spray pattern. Im assuming that the older Macks are the same way. You brushed up against the question with your answer, but its still not quite clear for me. In these newer electronic systems, (common rail?)do they bypass the fuel before it gets to the injector and therefore bypass the air or is the fuel that still may contain bubbles sent to the injectors and bypassed after going past the injector body? If Im not being clear on my question please let me know. Ive tried to get this information right from the engine dealers but apparently there isnt a "book" answer so I have to look elsewhere. Ive tried in vain to find the Parker paper. The Parker website seems to be "busy". I did find these quotes tho: Parker - Racor Technical Support confirms: "Fact #1; There is Air entrained in diesel fuel." Milwaukee School of Engineering, Handbook of Hydraulics agrees: "Hydraulic oils also contain varying degrees of entrained air." Caterpillar®, Special Instruction 651-1250 points out: " Normally No. 2 Diesel Fuel contains about 10% air in solution, although the air is not visible." Cummins® Engine Co., Service Topic 5-135 states: "Like water, fuel contains a certain amount of dissolved air depending upon the fuel temperature, pressure on the fuel , specific gravity and the amount of aeration to which the fuel has been subjected." Those came from the Airdog website. Ive put them here not to sell product but to give you an idea of the answer Im looking for. I hope someone can find the SAE paper Id seen before. Im only trying to find out more detail on the routing of the fuel from the tank to the engine and the return of the bypassed fuel. Thanks for being patient.